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A-level经济的essay该如何写?

2019-10-21

Economic growth 是A-level宏观经济学研究的重点,在我们的A-level考试中也是IAL必考内容,那么关于economic growth的essay该如何写?本次小学诚就以真题为例,跟大家一起分析下Turkey相对较快的economic growth的原因。首先把题目给大家看下,做题时也建议同学们先快速扫一眼题目!


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题目很简单,让我们分析Turkey相对较高的经济增长率的原因。


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审题时,我们肯定是先泛读题目,在没有确定key words 或者key sentence时需要对figures的数据进行简单了解,一般分析会在文本中有所涉及。我们看完figure1之后可以简单描述出Turkey自2008年至2015年的real GDP growth rate,其中2010年左右real GDP growth rate达到8%-9%,2013-2015为4%左右。此外,figure 1还有关于current account balance的历年变化数据,可以看的出来从2011年开始Turkey的current account deficit呈现逐年下降趋势......


OK,到这里我们就对图表分析完毕了,同学们要注意,这些描述在Application里面会用到!


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下面,我们来看figure2。figure2 显示2008年-2015年Turkey重要经济indicator 的数据变化,大家需要提高警惕了,这里可能涉及economic growth的reasons,毕竟AD包括C、I、G、X-M。我们先将每个指标过一遍,inflation的忽高忽低,但是整体是decreasing,household consumption变化不多,但是占GDP比重很大,大概70%左右,Investment 占比比较稳定,大概20%。


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图表全部看完,大家都已经心中有数,这片材料整体围绕宏观indicators。接着我们来看Extract1。


extract1标题即为economic growth,比较简短的两段资料说明了Turkey的经济状况,这些我们可以作为APPLICATION 部分的参考。比如,在2015,the Turkish economy grew by 4%,高于EU平均growth rate,以及材料中提到的Turkey在2016年成为全球经济中第七个增长最快的economy,但是我们在Extract1中没有找到具体的原因。


此时我们意识到,我们无法直接找到直接的材料用来分析,所以我们只能自己根据材料进行具体分析了!分析即从consumption、investment、current account着手,还要涉及inflation、unemployment等indicators。


下面我们来看下老师写的一篇范文:


Turkey's real GDP grew by 9.1% in 2010 and 8.6% in 2011. After several years of decline, it was still as high as 4% in 2015, significantly higher than the average economic growth rate of the eu.According to the text message, Turkey's rapid economic growth may depend on the following reasons:


First, figure2 shows that Turkey's household consumption expenditure accounts for about 70% of GDP, which is a high proportion. Consumption is an important component of total demand, which always includes investment, consumption, government purchase and net export.A higher consumption level indicates that residents have a higher demand for domestic goods. Therefore, domestic employment will rise, people's income will increase, people's consumption will still increase, and the living standard will also improve.


Second, investment is also a part of total demand. Figure2 shows that the investment in Turkey accounts for about 20% of GDP, which can improve future productivity, such as infrastructure improvement and lower transportation costs.In the graph, aggregate supply moves to the right in the long run, so economic output increases, inflation decreases, and employment increases.


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Third, figure 1 shows that Turkey has a current account deficit, which will lead to the decline of its currency exchange rate.When the exchange rate goes down, Turkey's exports will go up, its imports will go down, so its imports and exports will go up, and that will increase AD, so the AD curve will move to the right, so the economic output will go up.


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However, Turkey's economic growth depends on consumption, and as economic growth increases people's income, households also increase their consumption of imported goods and services, thus reducing imports and exports, possibly increasing the current account deficit, and ultimately reducing economic growth.


Although the current account deficit may lead to the decline of the Turkish exchange rate, the decline of the exchange rate may also lead to the increase of the cost of Turkey's imports of bulk commodities, such as oil and rice, which may aggravate the current account deficit and cause cost-push inflation.


While investment increases output, it also causes inflation, so supply-side policy is a good way to solve Turkey's economic problems.As extract 2 puts it, economic growth can be stabilized by accelerating labor market reforms, increasing productivity, and reducing corporate taxes to stimulate manufacturers' investment, thus improving the international competitiveness of Turkish products.


怎么样,小伙伴们了解了吗?A-level,IB,AP课程有疑问的小伙伴,戳这里预约试听课哦~


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